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How mechanical keyboards work, from the switch to the radio, explained from a wireless keyboard designed and built for a bachelor thesis.
Written from Ștefan-Emanuel Ciupitu’s bachelor thesis “Wireless multifunction keyboard using the nRF52840 module” (Suceava, 2025).
01 · 4 chapters
How a membrane keyboard works compared with a mechanical one, what QWERTY, Dvorak and Colemak mean, and what you gain or give up with each size, from 100% down to 60%.
02 · 4 chapters
What a mechanical switch is made of, what actuation point and total travel mean, why debounce is needed, and how to choose between linear, tactile and clicky.
03 · 3 chapters
What difference the material makes (ABS, PBT, POM, resin, aluminium), how the OEM, Cherry, SA, DSA and XDA profiles are shaped, and how long legends last depending on how they are applied.
04 · 6 chapters
The layers a mechanical keyboard is built from, and how the way the plate and PCB are held in the case (from integrated plate to gasket mount) changes the feel and the sound.
05 · 6 chapters
What happens between pressing a key and seeing the character on screen in a wireless keyboard: the nRF52840 chip, Bluetooth Low Energy, the ZMK firmware, and how the battery lasts for months.
06 · 6 chapters
The wireless keyboard built for the bachelor thesis: how it was designed, what was measured, what went wrong during the build and how it was fixed.